Among the scholarly community that studies economics, there's not a consensus on whether or not tariffs are effective. Their effects in the highly complex global macroeconomy are hard to measure and conclusions are difficult to derive.
I'm not an economist but through my professional career I know a decent amount about international business and a great amount about global supply chains. In general I'm opposed to tariffs, I prefer to see policies that stress positive internal economic incentives to pursue the desired changes to national business policy, rather than negative external policy like tariffs.
But I don't believe these tariffs are actually being put in place in the usual way, in an attempt to discourage general anti-competitive behavior on the part of other global players. Trump usually tells us exactly what he's doing, whether we believe him or not, and he's already saying that these tariffs are all about bargaining power. This is his usual MO and it's not at all surprising. So in this case, analysis of whether or not tariffs in general are effective, is irrelevant. Rather, the speculation and debate should be about whether or not this particular bargaining maneuver will be effective.
There's already been plenty of discussion along those lines, on this thread.